Composting is one of the most effective ways you can reduce household waste. One third to a half of household rubbish can be composted, including most garden and kitchen waste, as well as paper and cardboard.
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Composting at Home - Detailed information to help you start Home Composting.
The Scottish Waste Awareness Group
Potato peelings are always a discussion point. There are 2 schools of thought: one says do not put potato peelings or potatoes into the compost as you get potato plants growing next year with potential blight problems; the other side says that if you get potato plants, you can just pull them up. You choose what you want to do as both points of view are valid.
Because leaves take a long time to break down you should only add small amounts to your compost bin. Large quantities of leaves are best used for making leaf mould. Leaf mould can be applied in large amounts to improve soil structure or for making seed and potting mix. To make leaf mould simply place leaves in a separate compost bin or plastic sacks and water them if they are dry. If using plastic sacks, tie the sack shut and punch holes in the top. Your leaf mould will be ready in one or two years.
You should add green (wet) and brown (dry) materials to your compost. Green materials contain lots of nitrogen. They break down quickly and help to keep the compost moist. Brown materials contain lots of carbon. They break down more slowly and add structure to your compost. They also create air pockets which are important for air circulation. A good rule of thumb is to add the same amount of green and brown materials.
Green materials contain lots of nitrogen. They break down quickly and help to keep the compost moist. Examples of green materials that you can put into your compost are: raw fruit and vegetables, teabags and coffee grounds, egg shells, garden and house plants, grass cuttings, weeds, cut flowers.
Brown materials contain lots of carbon. They break down more slowly and add structure to your compost. They also create air pockets which are important for air circulation. Examples of brown (dry) materials are: scrunched up paper and cardboard, hedge trimmings, straw and hay, wood chippings and sawdust, bedding from pet cages (as long as it is natural, rather than manmade fibres), twigs, feathers.
There are a number of different uses for your home compost. Mulch - a layer of compost can be applied to the surface of soil. This will add nutrients, helping to encourage plant growth. Soil Conditioner - mix compost into the soil to improve structure and add nutrients. Lawn Conditioner - mix an equal amount of sand and fine compost and spread over your lawn. Seed and potting mix - mix equal amounts of soil and compost. Experiment to find out the best proportions.
You shouldn't put cooked food, dairy products, meat or fish into the compost as these can attract vermin. Processed food contains additives, particularly salt and preservatives, which may not degrade very well. Perennial weeds should be shredded or they may sprout. Some people advise against adding potatoes or potato peelings to your compost, as they have a tendency to grow and you may get blight. However, if potatoes grow, you could always pull them up.
Compost should not smell unpleasant or be slimy. If you find that your composter is too smelly or slimy, it may have too much green stuff in it and it may be that it lacks air. Mix in some scrunched-up newspaper, hedge trimmings or twigs. You can also aerate the compost by turning it with a garden fork, and adding a bit of earth or compost.
Up to a third of your household bin can be taken up with possible compostable material. Instead of sending this to landfill, give yourself more space in your bin and improve your garden soil by creating your own compost.